Table 1 The polysaccharides isolated from Polygonatum

1

Fructose

C₆H₁₂O₆

Polygonatum

Soaked in 95% ethanol for 2 days, and then extracted with boiling distilled water for 2 h

Zhao, Zhao, Hu [14, 26, 27]

2

Glucose

C₆H₁₂O₆

Polygonatum

Soaked in 95% ethanol for 2 days, and then extracted with boiling distilled water for 2 h

Zhao, Zhao, Hu [14, 26, 27]

3

Mannose

C₆H₁₂O₆

Polygonatum cyrtonema

Extracted with petroleum ether under reflux for 1.5 h at 75 ℃, followed by 75% ethanol under reflux for 1 h at 85 ℃

Hu [27]

4

Rhamnose

C₆H₁₂O₅

Polygonatum

Extracted with petroleum ether under reflux for 1 h, soaked in 85% ethanol at room temperature for 12 h, and then extracted with boiling distilled water for three times, 2 h each

Zhao, Hu [26, 27]

5

Galactose

C₆H₁₂O₆

Polygonatum

Extracted with petroleum ether under reflux for 1 h, soaked in 85% ethanol at room temperature for 12 h, and then extracted with boiling distilled water for three times, 2 h each

Zhao, Hu [26, 27]

6

Ribose

C₅H₁₂O₅

Polygonatum cyrtonema

Extracted with petroleum ether under reflux for 1.5 h at 75 ℃, followed by 75% ethanol under reflux for 1 h at 85 ℃

Hu [27]

7

Arabinose

C₅H₁₀O₅

Polygonatum

Extracted with petroleum ether under reflux for 1 h, soaked in 85% ethanol at room temperature for 12 h, and then extracted with boiling distilled water for three times, 2 h each

Zhao, Hu [26, 27]

8

Galacturonic acid

C₆H₁₀O₇

Polygonatum

Extracted with petroleum ether under reflux for 1 h, soaked in 85% ethanol at room temperature for 12 h, and then extracted with boiling distilled water for three times, 2 h each

Zhao [26]

9

Xylose

C₅H₁₀O₅

Polygonatum

Extracted with petroleum ether under reflux for 1 h, soaked in 85% ethanol at room temperature for 12 h, and then extracted with boiling distilled water for three times, 2 h each

Zhao [26]